Lucero, N. M., Bussey, M., & Carver-Roberts, T. (2021). Assessing trauma in American Indian/Alaska Native parents as an ICWA active effort. Child Welfare 98(5),1-26.
This article examines the correlation between American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) parents who are involved in ICWA cases, their exposure to trauma, and how that affects their ability to care for their children. ICWA active efforts include identifying parental trauma and treatment referrals to prevent removal of AI/AN children and support reunification.